This edition of the Annual Review of Nursing Research bridges that gap for all those involved or interested in clinical anesthesia care including nurse anesthetists, physician anesthesiologists, anesthesia assistants, and postanesthesia care unit nurses. The volume is unique among publications in the field in that it contains a collection of contemporary anesthesia issues for which there is a body of literature that occasionally provides sound evidence for practice change, but more often generates more questions than answers and suggests the need for additional research before a practice change can be recommended