The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is a United States federal agency that is part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NIOSH conducts research, promotes safety and makes recommendations to prevent illnesses and injuries in the US workplaces. The following document is a publication issued by NIOSH, in hopes that it will assist with their mission. This document reviews what is currently known about nanoparticle toxicity, process emissions and exposure assessment, engineering controls, and personal protective equipment.