The text focuses on three interrelated subject areas that are at the heart of the current foreign and national security dilemma. One is the Middle East. The second is energy policy, particularly as it is affected by the development and exploitation of shale oil and gas reserves in the United States. American dependence on Middle East petroleum created the interest the US has in this region. A changing energy equation lessens US dependence and may reduce American interests and commitments to this highly volatile region.The third area is military manpower policy.